Slab with arches are adopted at a place where there is a need of redirecting wind load and if there is a long curve in direction of slab. Bridges are subjected to horizontal load due to flood water, wind load and moving load from the vehicles. This type of slab is generally adopted in the construction of bridges. It is mostly used in small houses having sloping roofs/ pitched roof for aesthetics and for flow of snow or rainwater. Also Read: Need of Waterproofing for Your House! 06. After casting sewage pipes in the slab, the slab is filled with broken pieces of bricks or coal or suitable lightweight materials. Proper waterproofing as well as treatment must be provided in sunken slab to prevent leakage or dampness. Since the pipes from which water passes are concealed below the floor, care has to be taken to avoid leakage problems. Slab which is provided below the washrooms to hide the sewage pipes or WC pipes or other fixtures is known as sunken slab. Waffle slabs are classified based on the shape of Pods (PVC Trays) into: They are also used where there is a restriction on depth of beams for getting clear height. ![]() Its primary function is to carry heavier loads and span longer distances than flat slabs as these systems are light in weight and can be used as both ceiling and floor slab. Waffle slab is majorly used at the entrance of hotels, Malls and Restaurants for good pictorial view and to install artificial lighting. Waffle slab is a reinforced concrete roof or floor containing square grids with deep sides. The cores also have sustainability advantage as it reduces the volume of material used. The cores can function as service ducts and undoubtably reduce the self-weight of the slabs, maximizing structural efficiency. ![]() Hollow core ribbed slabs derive their name from the voids or cores which run through the units. They are generally used in parking decks, hotels, commercial buildings or places where beam projections are not desired for height restrictions or even for aesthetics. The primary function of a flat slab is to provide plain ceiling surface, giving better diffusion of light. Here, the loads are directly transferred to the columns. Flat slab is also called beamless slab because it is supported on columns. It is a reinforced concrete slab supported directly on concrete columns or caps. In practice, however, they are restrained from unacceptable lifting due to their own self weight and other loads. they are not considered to be fixed to the supports and are therefore free to lift theoretically. Greeno’ (Author of Building Construction Handbook), simply supported slab are slabs which rest on a bearing i.e. In a two-way slab, load is transferred in both the directions to the four supporting edges and hence reinforcement is provided in both the directions.Īccording to ‘ R. These slabs are likely to bend along both the spans. In this slab, the ratio of longer span (l) to shorter span (b) is less than two (l/b<2). ![]() The slab which is supported on beams on all the four sides and the loads are carried by the supports along both directions is called two-way slab. For distribution bars, the maximum spacing should be 5 times the effective depth or 450 mm whichever is lesser.īuy A Building Construction Book Types of Concrete Slab In slab, maximum spacing of the main bar should be 3 times effective depth or 300 mm whichever is lesser. The diameter of reinforcement bar commonly used in slabs are: 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm and 16 mm.Īccording to ‘ IS 456:2000’ (Plain and Reinforced Concrete – Code of Practice), the maximum diameter of bar that can be used in the slab should not be more than 1/8 th of total depth of slab i.e. Reinforcement in Reinforced Concrete Slab Concrete slab behaves primarily as a flexural member and its design philosophy is similar to that of beams. Slabs may be mounted on either steel or monolithic concrete beams, walls or even directly over the columns. The floor system of a structure can takes many forms such as in situ solid slab, pre-cast units, ribbed slab etc. Reinforced concrete slabs are used in roofs, floors, ceilings and as the decks of bridges. Its primary function is to transfer the load by bending in one or two directions. It provides a covering shelter or working flat surface in buildings. Slab is a flat, two-dimensional planar structural component of building having a very small thickness compared to its other two dimensions. ![]() But in this article, we have discussed types of concrete slab in detail. There are different types of slab in construction. It helps the other components of the building to withstand different loads. Out of these, slab is of utmost importance. A structure is composed of several connecting elements of construction like walls, beams, columns, foundation, slabs etc.
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